What happens during the test?
The exam consists of two parts: visual inspection and physical examination. See "Results" below for some tips on what to look for in the visual inspection.
You can use one of several different methods for the physical examination for the breast self exam. Different methods include:
- Strip (or grid) pattern: Start with either breast. Using three fingers on your opposite hand, start at your collarbone and begin feeling the breast and underlying tissue in strips (straight lines) down to the bottom of your breast. Move over approximately one finger-width and restart at the collarbone to examine another strip. Repeat this pattern across the entire breast. As you move down each strip, move your fingers in small circular motions along the strip. For each spot, start with light pressure, then medium, then firm pressure so you can feel all levels of your breast tissue. Repeat the procedure for the other breast.
- Spiral (or circle) pattern: Similar to the strip pattern, except that you move in a spiral pattern around the breast.
- Clock pattern: Similar to the strip pattern, except that you start from the outer edge of the breast and move towards the nipple, moving around the breast in a clockwise direction.
How should I prepare for this test?
This test does not require preparation. Performing the test when your breasts are not tender or swollen makes it more comfortable for many women.
What can I expect after the test?
If you notice any changes in the breast tissue or surrounding areas, speak with your doctor.
Results
If you are suspicious of a change you notice in your breasts, talk to your doctor. It may be nothing to worry about. However, it is important to get the advice of a health care professional. Some changes you should consider abnormal include:
- changes in the skin's color or feel (e.g., smooth skin becoming wrinkled, usual texture feeling thicker)
- nipple changes, including puckering or sinking into the breast tissue
- bloody discharge from the nipple
- a lump of any size under the skin
- painful or tender areas
Continue having regular check-ups with your doctor and make a habit of doing breast self exams at home.